How to size a portable power station (the simple version)
There are two numbers that matter, and people constantly mix them up:
1. Output / running watts — “can it turn this on?”
This is the inverter rating, measured in watts (W). It must be higher than the combined running watts of everything you plug in at once — and crucially, higher than the surge of any motor-driven device. A fridge that runs at 150 W can spike to 600–800 W for a split second when its compressor kicks in. If your unit's output can't cover that spike, it trips off.
2. Capacity / watt-hours — “how long will it last?”
This is the battery size, measured in watt-hours (Wh). Runtime is simply capacity ÷ device watts, minus losses. A 1000 Wh station running a 100 W device lasts roughly 1000 × 0.85 ÷ 100 ≈ 8.5 hours. The 0.85 accounts for the inverter converting DC battery power to AC — you never get 100% out.
The recipe
Add up each appliance's watts × hours per day to get your daily watt-hours. Divide by 0.85 for losses, then add ~20% headroom so you're not running the battery flat every day (which shortens its life). That's your target capacity. The calculator above does exactly this.
Rough capacity guide
- 150–300 Wh — phones, tablets, a laptop, lights, a CPAP for part of a night.
- 500–1000 Wh — weekend camping, CPAP overnight, a mini-fridge, charging everything.
- 1000–2000 Wh — full-size fridge for many hours, power tools, a small window AC briefly.
- 2000–5000 Wh — home-essentials backup during an outage: fridge + lights + internet + phones for a day or more.
Popular sizing guides
- What can a power station run? — by size, with real examples.
- How long will a power station run a refrigerator? — real-world runtimes by size.
- What size power station to run an air conditioner? — surge math + runtime.
- What size power station for a CPAP machine? — nights of runtime for camping & outages.
- Power station for camping & RV — what size for tent, van, or off-grid.
- Power station vs generator — which to buy, side by side.